The scientific concept of the term plasma is ‘A stream of ionized particles’. This concept is very true in case of welding process.
In this process, a gas (argon, hydrogen or helium) is passed through an electric arc where it is heated up and ultimately gets ionized.
The stream of these hot ionized particles (plasma) is passed through a small orifice of a welding torch. This is termed as plasma arc, i.e. an electric arc combined with an energized plasma or stream of ionized gas particles.
Plasma Arc Welding stream is made to impinge on the joint be welded and its energy is utilized in heating the base metal. It provides a deep penetration, faster welding, clearer welds and narrow beads. The electrode used is a tungsten electrode with a water cooler copper nozzle. The plasma arc can be effectively used for cutting also, called plasma arc cutting or Plasma Arc Welding.
